1.  Define neoplasia. Enumerate the differences between benign and malignant tumors.

1. Laboratory diagnosis of cancer.
   
2. Characteristic features of benign and malignant tumours.
   
3. Biologic carcinogenesis, chemical carcinogenesis.
4. Viral carcinogenesis.

1. Premalignant lesion.
   
2. Define metastasis. Mention the routes of metastasis of malignant tumours.
   
3. Premalignant conditions of the oral cavity mention any two.

Disease of Immune system and AIDS

Short Answer Questions

1.  Etiopathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
2. Classification of Amyloidosis.
   

1.  Name the special stains for amyloid.
2. List four opportunistic infections in AIDS.

Infections

Short Answer Questions

1. Classification of Leprosy.
   
2. Name hemiparasites.

Hematology

Long Answer Questions

1. Define anemia and discuss the laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia.
   
2. Define and classify anemia. Describe the peripheral smear and bone marrow findings of megaloblastic anemia.
   

1. Lab findings in iron deficiency anemia.
   
2. Peripheral blood smear and bone marrow findings in iron deficiency anemia.
   
3. Four causes of Iron deficiency anemia.
   
4. Discuss the laboratory diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia.
   
5. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
   
6. Sideroblastic anemia.
   
7. Enumerate four causes of eosinophilia.
   
8. Causes of aplastic anemia.
   
9. Define anemia. write the etiological classification of anemias.
   
10. Thrombocytopenia.
    

1. Sickle cell.
   
2. Megaloblast.
   
3. Fate of thrombus.
   
4. Mention four diseases transmitted by blood transfusions.
   
5. Causes of Eosinophilia -any four.
   
6. Name four causes of thrombocytopenia.
   
7. Neubauer counting chamber.

Leucocytic disorders

Short Answer Questions

1. Peripheral smear findings in CML.
   

1. Leukemoid reaction - define and mention the type.
   

Lymph node and spleen

2M questions

1. Causes of splenomegaly.
   
2. Sago spleen.

Coagulation disorders

Short Answer Questions

1. Define gangrene and discuss various types of gangrene with examples.
   
2. Hemophilia A.

1. Differences between dry and wet gangrene.
   
2. Wet gangrene.
   
3. Mention any four complications of blood transfusion.
   
4. Keloid.
   
5. Christmas disease.

Bone

Short Answer Questions

1. Osteosarcoma.

Miscellaneous

Long Answer Questions

1. Define embolism. Discuss pulmonary embolism.
   
2. Define healing. Discuss in detail by primary intention. Add a note on factors affecting wound healing.
   
3. Discuss Laboratory diagnosis and complications of diabetes mellitus.
   

1. Describe the pathogenesis and morphology of fatty liver.
   
2. Laboratory diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus.
   
3. Osteogenic sarcoma.
   
4. Nutmeg liver – discuss the causes, gross and microscopic features.
   
5. Phagocytosis.
   
6. Vitamin D deficiency.
   
7. Urine sediment.
   
8. Staining reactions of amyloid.
   
9. Leukemoid reactions.
   
10. Pathological calcification.
    
11. Rickets.
    
12. Define oedema and explain the pathogenesis of oedema of renal origin.
    
13. Classify Hodgkin's lymphoma. Describe the microscopy of the Mixed Cellularity type.
    
14. Describe the mechanism of healing of fracture.
    
15. Ameloblastoma.
    
16. Squamous cell carcinoma.
    
17. Factors affecting wound healing. Types of wound healing and factors influencing wound healing.
    
18. Haematuria.
    
19. Pleomorphic adenoma.
    

1. Scurvy.
   
2. Downs syndrome.
   
3. Microscopic features of squamous cell carcinoma.
   
4. Define and give four examples of metaplasia. Types of metaplasia with examples.
   
5. Mention any four anticoagulants.
   
6. List four causes of haematuria.
   
7. 6 Special stains for Amyloid.
   
8. 7 Granulomatous diseases - any four.
   
9. Oncogenic viruses - any four.
   
10. Leukoplakia.
    
11. Causes of ketonuria.
    
12. Four causes of Leukocytosis.
    
13. Enumerate tests for proteins in urine.
    
14. Urinary casts.
    
15. Granuloma.
    
16. Clotting time.
    
17. Brown induration.
    
18. Causes of haematuria.
    
19. Glycosuria.
    
20. Fat embolism.
    
21. Packed cell volume.
    
22. Ketone bodies in urine.
    
23. Endogenous pigments.
    
24. Giant cells.
    
25. Cancrum oris.
    
26. Dystrophic calcification. Definition and one example.
    
27. Westergren's tube.
    
28. Spherocyte.
    
29. What are Free Radicals? Give two examples.